What is the term for the study of body functions and how they relate to the health of the human body?

The term that describes the study of body functions and how they relate to the overall health of the human body is physiology. This branch of biological science focuses on understanding how the various systems of the body operate and interact to maintain homeostasis and health. Physiology examines processes at multiple levels, from cellular activities to the functioning of organ systems.

Anatomy, while closely related, is primarily concerned with the structure of the body and its parts, not how they function. Kinesiology focuses specifically on movement and the mechanics of body movement, which is narrower than the broader scope of physiology. Pathology involves the study of diseases and the changes they cause in body functions and structures. While pathology may touch upon body functions, its main concentration is on the abnormalities caused by illness. Thus, physiology is the appropriate term for the study of body functions and their relationship to health.